Compressor



April 25, 1933. PETERS 1,905,747

C OMPRE S S OR Filed March 9, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

Avila/u Elk-tend.

Hi5 A TTORNEY.

April 25, 1933. A. E. PETERS- COMPRESSOR Filed March 9, 1931 s Sheets-Sheet 2 75 ATTORNEY.

3 Sheets-Sheet v 3 IN VEN TOR.

ZIZ'ZIzZ'EPetc-Wd H15 ATTORNEY.

April 1933- A. E. PETERS COMPRESSOR Filed March 9, 1951 Patented Apr. 25, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ARTHUR E; PETERS, 0 F PHILLIIPSBURG, JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO IN GERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY COMPRESSOR Application filed March 9, 1931. Serial in. 521,132.

This invention relates to compressors, but more particularly to compressors of the multi-stage type.

One object of the invention is to construct a compact and efficient compressor apparatus of the multi-stage horizontal type requiring only a small amount of floor space and low head room.

Another obj ect is to render the compressor highly efiicient and to simplify the construction of compressors of this type.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings accompanying this specification and in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a compressor constructed in accordance with the practice of the invention, V

Figure 2 is a plan view in section of the compressor taken through Figure. 1' on the line 22 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows,

Figure 3 is a transverse view through the cylinders and the intercooler taken through Figure l on the line 3-3 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, and

Figure 4 is a transverse view of the compressor cooling elements and taken through Figure 3 on the line H looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, A designates generally a compressor comprising a bed plate or main frame B in the outer walls C of which are apertures O and C to accommodate anti-friction bearings D of a crank shaft E. One bearing D is seated directly in the aperture O and the other bearing is seated in a bushing or sleeve D seated in the aperture C and which aperture is of a suitable diameter to permit the crank shaft to be passed therethrough into the main frame. The main frame B is shown disposed upon a foundation F to which it may be suitably secured by bolts G.

At one end of the main frame B is a cylinder casting H which may be secured to the main frame in any suitable and convenient manner. The cylinder casting H is provided with low and high pressure piston respect to each other chambers J and K arranged in parallelism and having disposed therein pistons L and 0 respectively.

The low pressure piston chamber J is closed at the free end of the cylinder casting by a head P, and a closure is provided for the opposite end of the piston chamber J' by a head Q having a bore B through which extends slidably a piston rod S carried by the piston L. Similarly, is sealed at the end adjacent the free end of the cylinder casting H by a headT and at the end adjacent the main frame B by a head U having an axial bore V to accommodate a piston rod W carried by the piston O.

Although the piston chambers, and consequently the pistons, are of different diameters it is to be understood that the weights of the pistons L and 0 may be balanced in any convenient manner, as for instance, by construct ing the piston L of materialof lower specificgravity than the piston O or by otherwise suitably reducing the weight of the piston L to equal that of the piston O. The rods 8 and N which, as maybe observed, are sub, stantially identical andtherefore of the same weight so that the piston assemblies may be very accurately balanced.

Disposed within the interior or crank case X of the main frame B are a pair of cross head guides Y to accommodate cross heads Z carried by the piston rods S-W. To the cross heads Z are connected, as by means of cross headpins 6, connecting rods 0 which are connected with "their opposite ends to crank pins (Z carried by the crank shaft E. 11 order to efiect a desirable balance of the movable parts of the compressing apparatus the crank pins 03 are oppositely disposed with and both crank pins d are locatedbetween the bearings D.

'The compressor illustrated isof the double acting type in which air or other medium is compressed in each end of the piston chambers J and K. The compressor is accordingly provided at each end of both piston chambers with inlet'and discharge valves designated bye and frespectively, The piston chamber J is shown as having two each of the disthe high pressure chamber K charge and inlet valves at each end, and the piston chamber K may be provided with only one discharge and one inlet valve at each end thereof.

The medium intended to be compressed may enter the compressor through aninlet conduit 9 which opens into an inlet chamber h in the casting valves 6 associated therewith. Upon being compressed to a higher value the medium is discharged through the discharge valves f associated with the low pressure piston chamber and into a discharge chamber j also in the casting s x In one side of the discharge chamber j is an outlet opening is through which the compressed medium may flow into an intercooler designated generally by 0, thence-from the in'tercooler through an outlet opening '17 into aninlet chamber g which, like the chambers li and j, may extend longitudinally ofthe casting Hto aiiord communication between the intercooler o and the inlet valves located at both ends of the piston chambers.

The flow of air trom'the inlet chamber g into the piston chamber K is controlled by the inlet valves eassociated therewith. Upon being compressed to a higher value suchmedium is discharged through the valves f into a discharge chamber 1* whence it may flow; to the desired destination, as for instance, a storage receiver (not shown) through a discharge pipe 8. I I

r The intercooler'o comprises a casing tarrangedintermediate the ends of the casting H and is preferably an integral pa'rtof the casting H beneath which it is arranged to support said casting}. The casingt isprovided with means such aspedestals or flanges a which rest upon a stepped portion o of the foundation F and to which it may be suitably secured by bolts 'w.' a

Disposed'within the casing 25 are a plurality of cooling elements m'which are superimposed with respect to each other'a'nd com prisea series of tubes y which extend longitudinally of the casing t. The tubes y of each element are secured'at their ends to heads a. In order to assure an intimate contact of the compressed medium with the tubes y during the course of the medium through the casing t the tubes are provided on the exterior surfaces with closely spaced fins 2.

The heads a, in effect, constitute water boxes forthe tubes associated therewith. The heads 2 located at one end of-the tubes, as for instance, at the left hand end as Figure 3 is viewed, may be connected directly in any suitable manner to a cover plate 3 which forms a closure for that end of the casing 25. The cover plate 3 may further serve as a part of the circulatory system of'the inter-cooler, as

for instance, by forming therein a passage 4 to H. The admission of such me diuminto the opposite" ends of the piston ,chamber J iscontrolled by the inlet valve or the cooling water into-the lowermost cooling element in the usualmanner. I

The heads 2 located at the opposite or right hand ends of the cooling elements are provided attheir outer or free ends with a closure in 'the form of acover 6 which may be suitably secured to the heads a and in this instance is provided with a passage 7 to afford communication between the lowermost and intermediate cooling elements 02.

v The intermediate cooling element 00, as will be observed, communicates with its o'pposite end with the passage 4 in the cover plate 3, so that the cooling water will follow a zigzag coursethrough the elements, first flowing through the lowermost cooling elementa", thence through the passage 7 into and through the intermediate cooling elementm, whence it flows through the passage land through the uppermost cooling element a and from there is discharged through a discharge pipe 8 to thc exterior of the intercooler t I In order that-the compressed medium flowing through the intercooler 0 may be brought into'repea-ted intimate contact with the tubes and, further, to'extend the path'of flow'of such medium through the said inter-cooler the 'casing t is provided therein with a series of baiiles 9 and 10 which extend transversely of the casing t. The baflies 9 are seated on one side of the casing t, as for instance, against the upper surfaces thereof and, like the bafiie 10, are of somewhat less width than the diameter or height of the casing, thus defining passages 11 around the ends of the batfies through which pressure fluid may flow from one compartment to'another of the intercooler. Owing to this manner of arrangement'of the baflles the compressed medium will follow aserpentin'e course through the intercooler during its passage from the low pressure piston chamber to the high pressure piston chamber.

, As Will be observed, the piston chambers J and Kare provided with suitable acketing spaces, as for instance, those designated by 12, l3 and 14 to conduct cooling water around the piston chambers for removing the'heat due to compression from the compressing apparatus. The water'utilized for this purpose may be introduced into-the space 13 by a supply pipe 15 and, after circulating through the water jacketing spaces, is again "discharged from the compressor through pipes '15 and l6.w.hic h communicate with the spaces '14 "and 12 respectively. I

In practice, a compressor constructed in the manner described has been found to function in an unusuallyefiicient manner. Among its desirable advantages are, that it is of compact construction and therefore occupies but a small area of floor space. By disposing the casing 2f beneath the cylinder casting a convenient support is provided for the cylinders and their associated elements and at the same time the supporting means may be utilized as a container for the cooling elements to precool the compressed medium prior to its admission to the high pressure piston chamber.

I claim:

1. In a multi-stage compressor, the combination of cylinders operating at different pressures, a casing through which pressure fluid flows from one cylinder to another, a cooling element in the casing to cool the compressed medium flowing therethrough and comprising cooling liquid conveying tubes, closely spaced fins on the tubes to conduct the compressed medium into intimate c011- tact with the tubes, and baffles in the casing and being staggered with respect to each other to direct the compressed medium along a serpentine path through the casing.

2. In a multi-stage compressor, the combination of cylinders operating at different pressures, a casing through which pressure fluid flows from one cylinder to another, a plurality of separately disposed cooling ele ments in the casing to cool the compressed medium flowing from one cylinder to another and comprising cooling liquid conveying tubes and closely spaced fins on the tubes to conduct the compressed medium into intimate contact with the tubes, and baffles in the casing and being staggered with respect to each other to direct the compressed medium along a serpentine path through the casing.

3. In a multi-stage compressor, the combi nation of cylinders operating at different pressures, a casing through which pressure fluid flows from one cylinder to another, a plurality of separately disposed cooling elements extending throughout the length of the casing to cool the compressed medium and comprising cooling liquid conveying tubes and closely spaced fins on the tubes to conduct the compressed medium into intimate contact with the tubes, and bafiles in the casing and being staggered with respect to each other to direct the compressed medium along a serpentine path through the casing.

4. In a multi-stage compressor, the combination of cylinders operating at different pressures and being arranged in parallelism, a casing integral with the cylinders conducting compressed medium from one cylinder to another and serving as a support for the cylinders, a plurality of separately disposed cooling elements extending longitudinally through the casing to cool the compressed medium and comprising cooling liquid conveying tubes and closely spaced fins on the tubes to conduct the compressed medium into intimate contact with the tubes, and baffles in the casing and being staggered with respect to each other to direct the compressed medium along a serpentine path through the casing.

5. In a multi-stage compressor, the com bination of cylinders operating at different pressures and being arranged in parallelism, a casing disposed beneath the cylinders to support the cylinders and to conduct compressed medium from one cylinder to another, cooling elements in the casing to cool the compressed medium, a main frame connected to the cylinders and having a crank case therein, pistons in the cylinders having piston rods, a pair of anti-friction bearings in the walls of the main frame, acrank shaft journalled in the'bearings, cross heads in the crank case and being secured to the piston rods, and connecting rods connected at one end to the cross heads and with their opposite ends to the crank shaft at points between the bearings.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

ARTHUR E. PETERS. 

